2024 APEC LEADERS’ MACHU PICCHU DECLARATION
We, the Economic Leaders of APEC, met in Lima, Peru, on November 16, 2024. Under the APEC theme of “Empower. Include. Grow.,” we continue to work towards achieving the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 for an open dynamic, resilient and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040, including through the implementation of the Aotearoa Plan of Action, for the prosperity of all our people and future generations. Our efforts this year, carried out across the Peruvian cities of Lima, Arequipa, Urubamba, Trujillo, and Pucallpa, aimed to ensure that all our people can enjoy the benefits of inclusive economic growth, by maximizing opportunities for all, while addressing the most pressing economic challenges.
Unprecedented and rapid changes continue to shape the world today. They present a challenge in terms of adjusting our economies to take advantage of new opportunities while minimizing the risks they pose. In this regard, we note the significant changes affecting areas such as trade and investment, environment, including climate change, food security and energy security. Effective multilateral cooperation is even more important in this context.
As the premier forum for regional economic cooperation, as well as a modern, innovative and effective incubator of ideas, APEC has provided tangible and practical contributions to addressing the challenges our region has faced. Upholding APEC as a dynamic and resilient forum for dialogue and economic cooperation, based on its voluntary, non-binding and consensus-building principles, is of paramount importance for our economies. We reaffirm our commitment to ensuring that the Asia-Pacific remains the world’s most dynamic and interconnected region.
Building on previous progress, this year we have made concrete achievements in advancing an inclusive and sustainable economic growth agenda. In this context, we welcome the Ministerial-level deliberations of the 2024 sectorial meetings and welcome the corresponding consensus Statements, including those on Women and the Economy, Women and Trade, Trade, Tourism, Energy, Food Security, Health, Small and Medium Enterprises, Mining, Finance, and the APEC Ministerial Meeting. We also welcome the consensus ministerial and high-level deliverables, including the APEC Policy Guidance to Develop and Implement Clean and Low-carbon Hydrogen Policy Frameworks in the Asia-Pacific, the Trujillo Principles for Preventing and Reducing Food Loss and Waste in the Asia-Pacific Region, and the Finance Ministers’ Process’ Sustainable Finance Initiative.
We acknowledge the importance of, and will continue to work to deliver a free, open, fair, non-discriminatory, transparent, inclusive and predictable trade and investment environment. We reaffirm our support for the rules-based multilateral trading system, with the WTO at its core, and remain committed to working toward necessary WTO reform, in order to improve all of its functions. We will continue working constructively towards the full implementation of the MC13 outcomes, and we recall our commitment at MC13 to accelerate discussions with other WTO members with the view to having a fully and well-functioning dispute settlement system accessible to all members by 2024. We reaffirm our support for the prompt entry into force of the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies and the conclusion of negotiations on further disciplines. We recognize the positive role of multilateral and plurilateral negotiations and discussions at the WTO, including Joint Statement Initiatives.
We reaffirm our commitment to advancing Phase Three of the Supply Chain Connectivity Framework Action Plan and enhancing supply chain connectivity to minimize adverse effects of disruptions, lower costs, facilitate trade and investment in the aim of establishing secure, resilient, sustainable, inclusive supply chains, and encourage capacity building to support these efforts. We will accelerate the full implementation of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement and promote trade facilitation through the use of digitalization, automation, international standards where relevant, while strengthening border agency cooperation through existing mechanisms. We aim to enhance transparency, efficiency, and reliability of trade by improving single window systems, digitalizing key processes, and promoting cross-border paperless trade, including through exchanging information on different paperless trade systems, electronic authentication and the recognition of electronic trade-related documents, such as the electronic bill of lading and electronic invoice.
We reiterate and support our commitment to advance economic integration in the Asia-Pacific region in a manner that is market-driven, and in line with the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040 and the relevant collective actions of the APA. To advance this work, we endorse the Ichma Statement on A New Look at the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) agenda, through which we acknowledge previous documents and will continue to foster a regional trade and investment environment that is both adaptable and responsive to emerging global challenges and the evolving needs of our economies.
We acknowledge the convening of the 2024 APEC Women and the Economy Forum (WEF) and the first Joint Meeting of Ministers Responsible for Women and Ministers Responsible for Trade. We welcome these efforts to accelerate the full implementation of the La Serena Roadmap for Women and Inclusive Growth and to achieving gender equality and advancing women's economic empowerment in the Asia-Pacific region. We recognize the importance of developing and implementing policies, strategies and structural reforms that address gender equality and the multiple and disproportionate barriers faced by women and girls of diverse backgrounds. We acknowledge the significant contribution of women in driving innovations and growth across a wide spectrum of economic fields, including STEM fields and creative industries as well as trade and entrepreneurship. We note the importance of cooperation on gender and climate change. We will explore further ways to actively encourage the development of initiatives and strategies to prevent and respond to gender-based violence and discrimination against all women and girls. We acknowledge the importance of empowering those facing structural barriers to achieve their economic potential. We also acknowledge the valuable contributions to inclusive economic growth of Indigenous Peoples as appropriate.
We recognize the importance of structural reform in achieving sustainable and inclusive growth. We reaffirm our commitment to the Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform (EAASR) and welcome the progress to develop the “Strengthened and Enhanced APEC Agenda for Structural Reform” (SEAASR) 2026-2030”. To advance APEC’s economic reform agenda, we look forward to the 4th Structural Reform Ministerial Meeting, to be held in the Republic of Korea in 2025.
We welcome the initiatives, discussions, good practices and experiences shared this year as part of the priority “Innovation and digitalization to promote the transition to the formal and global economy”, recognizing that increasing engagement by informal economic actors in the formal and global economies, can improve the prospects of inclusive and sustainable economic growth of our economies. We also acknowledge the significance of integrating all relevant economic actors into the formal economy and enabling their participation into regional and global markets. In this regard, we endorse the Lima Roadmap to Promote the Transition to the Formal and Global Economies (2025-2040) and we look forward to its further implementation beginning in 2025.
We recognize that digital transformation and innovation can be key drivers of economic growth, and positively contribute to inclusion as they foster reducing the digital divides, including the gender digital divide, enabling MSMEs to become more competitive, specialized and innovative to support their integration into global value chains, ensuring all economic actors have access to economic benefits. We are committed to advancing digital transformation across the APEC region, including through the implementation of the APEC Internet and Digital Economy Roadmap (AIDER), recognizing its critical role in enhancing digital connectivity. In line with AIDER, we will cooperate on facilitating the flow of data, while recognizing the importance of privacy and personal data protection, and strengthening consumer and business trust in digital transactions. We are committed to support an enabling, open, fair, non-discriminatory, safer and more inclusive digital ecosystem. In this regard, we will welcome policies that support the development of digital infrastructure, literacy and skills, so that all our people can fully participate in, and benefit from, the digital economy. We recognize the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for driving innovation, promoting sustainable economic growth, and transforming various aspects of daily life across our economies. We look forward to continuing initiatives such as the Digital Month in 2023 and the Digital Week in 2024 and recognize the value of the contributions made, including efforts to reduce the digital divide in the APEC region. Building on previous work, we are committed to promoting intellectual property rights through policies and programs that advance innovation and creativity. We recognize the importance of the development and contribution of digital technologies in safeguarding people’s health and protecting the region from health threats, and enhancing resilience and sustainability of health systems, thereby moving towards Universal Health Coverage.
We commit to bolster competitiveness in the services sector. We recognize the importance of APEC’s work on facilitating trade in environmental related services and enhancing cooperation in green supply chains, supporting the transition to more circular economies. A transition towards more sustainable economic models would foster economic growth, innovation, and competitiveness within APEC economies. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to the Bangkok Goals on Bio-Circular-Green Economy and to advancing APEC’s sustainability objectives in the Asia-Pacific region. We also reiterate the importance of integrating inclusivity and sustainability into trade and investment policy as called for by Leaders last year.
We welcome economies’ endeavors to advance connectivity in the APEC region. We remain committed to implementing the APEC Connectivity Blueprint (2015-2025) by strengthening physical, institutional, and people-to-people connectivity as well as take advantage of digital connectivity. We encourage economies to intensify efforts to promote regional, sub-regional and remote area connectivity. We also reaffirm the importance of quality infrastructure development and investment. We encourage economies to facilitate and promote the use of a more inclusive APEC Business Travel Card and welcome economies’ uptake and acceptance of the virtual ABTC.
We reaffirm our commitment to the APEC Food Security Roadmap Towards 2030 focusing on achieving food security across the Asia-Pacific region by promoting open, fair, transparent, productive, sustainable, resilient, innovative, and inclusive agri-food systems. We recognize that there is no “one-size-fits-all” approach to agricultural sustainability. We reaffirm the importance of agricultural productivity, international trade, and prevention and reduction of food loss and waste, in achieving food security, and will increase our efforts to ensuring food security and nutrition. We encourage economies to continue to support efforts that seek to ensure availability and access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food for all, while fulfilling our commitments to address environmental challenges, including climate change, and to promote biodiversity conservation as well as the sustainable use and management of natural resources. Emphasizing the role of fisheries in global food security, we also recognize the importance of combating illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing and marine debris.
We recognize the importance of ensuring energy security, resilience and access to support a sustainable economic growth and development. We recognize that more intensive efforts are needed for economies to accelerate their clean, sustainable, just, affordable, and inclusive energy transitions through various pathways, consistent with global net-zero greenhouse gas emissions / carbon neutrality by or around mid-century, while taking into account the latest scientific developments and different domestic circumstances. We reiterate our efforts to triple renewable energy capacity globally through existing targets and policies as well as demonstrate similar ambition with respect to other zero and low emissions technologies including abatement and removal technologies in line with domestic circumstances by 2030. We also look forward to Energy Ministers to work in defining a new collective aspirational goal for the power sector to increase the share of electricity generated by carbon free and carbon neutral sources while promoting energy efficiency as the first fuel.
We recognize the importance to further integrate action to confront the profound challenges posed by the impacts of climate change, extreme weather, natural disasters, as this is essential in building a sustainable future for the Asia-Pacific region. We recognize the importance of considering energy transition technologies and to promote the financing as appropriate of economic sectors. In support of our region’s efforts to achieve this, we recall our commitment to rationalize and phase out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, while recognizing the importance of providing those in need with essential energy services.
Recognizing the detrimental impact of corruption on economic growth and development, we are committed to preventing and fighting corruption, and denying safe haven to corruption offenders and their illicit assets. We welcome the work this year in this regard.
Our stakeholders and business communities bring creativity, dynamism, and energy and remain vital partners in our work. We look forward to further strengthening multi-stakeholder engagement, including with ABAC and Pacific Economic Cooperation Council, as well as through events such as the APEC CEO Summit, and Sustainable Future Forum.
We look forward to the upcoming APEC host years of the Republic of Korea (2025), the People´s Republic of China (2026), and Viet Nam (2027), and we pledge our support to these economies as they advance APEC´s vital work. We also welcome Singapore as the host for APEC 2030. We extend our thanks to the people and city of Lima, and to Peru, for the warm hospitality extended to us.
1. 我们，APEC经济领导人于2024年11月16日在秘鲁利马举行会议。APEC的主题是“赋能、包容、增长”，我们将继续努力实现 APEC 2040 年布城愿景，到 2040 年建立一个开放、充满活力、有韧性、和平的亚太社区，包括通过实施《新西兰行动计划》，以实现我们全体人民的繁荣和未来几代人。今年，我们在秘鲁利马、阿雷基帕、乌鲁班巴、特鲁希略和普卡尔帕等城市开展的工作，旨在通过最大限度地增加所有人的机会，同时解决最紧迫的问题，确保我们所有人都能享受包容性经济增长的好处。经济挑战。
2. 前所未有的快速变化继续塑造着当今世界。它们对调整我们的经济以利用新机遇同时最大限度地降低其带来的风险提出了挑战。在这方面，我们注意到影响贸易和投资、环境（包括气候变化）、粮食安全和能源安全等领域的重大变化。在此背景下，有效的多边合作就显得更加重要。
3. 作为区域经济合作的首要论坛，以及现代、创新和有效的思想孵化器，APEC为应对本地区面临的挑战做出了切实可行的贡献。坚持亚太经合组织作为一个充满活力和韧性的对话和经济合作论坛，基于其自愿、非约束性和建立共识的原则，对我们的经济体至关重要。我们重申致力于确保亚太地区继续成为世界上最具活力和互联互通的地区。
4. 今年，我们在以往成果的基础上，推动包容、可持续经济增长议程取得了具体成果。在此背景下，我们欢迎2024年部门会议的部长级审议，并欢迎相应的共识声明，包括关于妇女与经济、妇女与贸易、贸易、旅游、能源、粮食安全、卫生、中小企业的共识声明、矿业、金融、APEC部长级会议。我们还欢迎部长级和高级别会议达成共识的成果，包括《亚太经合组织关于制定和实施亚太地区清洁低碳氢政策框架的政策指南》、《防止和减少亚洲粮食损失和浪费的特鲁希略原则》。太平洋地区和财政部长进程的可持续金融倡议。
5. 我们承认自由、开放、公平、非歧视、透明、包容和可预测的贸易和投资环境的重要性，并将继续努力创造一个自由、开放、公平、非歧视、透明、包容和可预测的贸易和投资环境。我们重申支持以世贸组织为核心、以规则为基础的多边贸易体制，并继续致力于对世贸组织进行必要的改革，以完善其各项职能。我们将继续建设性地努力全面落实第 13 次部长级会议成果，并回顾我们在第 13 次部长级会议上承诺加快与其他世贸组织成员的讨论，以期到 2024 年建立一个可供所有成员使用的全面且运转良好的争端解决体系。重申支持世贸组织《渔业补贴协定》迅速生效并完成进一步纪律谈判。我们认识到世贸组织多边和诸边谈判和讨论，包括联合声明倡议的积极作用。
6. 我们重申致力于推进供应链互联互通框架行动计划第三阶段，加强供应链互联互通，以尽量减少中断的不利影响，降低成本，促进贸易和投资，以建立安全、有弹性、可持续、包容性的供应链，并鼓励能力建设来支持这些努力。我们将加快全面实施世贸组织贸易便利化协定，通过数字化、自动化、国际标准促进贸易便利化，同时通过现有机制加强边境机构合作。我们的目标是通过改进单一窗口系统、数字化关键流程、促进跨境无纸化贸易来提高贸易的透明度、效率和可靠性，包括通过不同无纸化贸易系统交换信息、电子认证以及电子贸易相关单证（如电子提单、电子发票）的识别。
7. 我们重申并支持以市场为导向、根据APEC布城2040愿景和APA相关集体行动推进亚太地区经济一体化的承诺。为推进这项工作，我们赞同《伊奇玛关于亚太自由贸易区（FTAAP）议程新面貌的声明》，通过该声明，我们承认之前的文件，并将继续培育适应性强的区域贸易和投资环境应对新出现的全球挑战和我们经济不断变化的需求。
8. 我们对2024年APEC妇女与经济论坛（WEF）的召开以及首届妇女部长和贸易部长联席会议的召开表示赞赏。我们欢迎这些努力，以加快全面实施拉塞雷纳妇女和包容性增长路线图，并在亚太地区实现性别平等和增强妇女经济权能。我们认识到制定和实施政策、战略和结构改革的重要性，以解决性别平等以及不同背景的妇女和女童面临的多重和不成比例的障碍。我们承认女性在推动各个经济领域的创新和增长方面做出的重大贡献，包括 STEM 领域和创意产业以及贸易和创业。我们注意到性别和气候变化合作的重要性。我们将探索进一步的方式，积极鼓励制定举措和战略，以预防和应对针对所有妇女和女童的性别暴力和歧视。我们认识到赋予那些面临结构性障碍的人以实现其经济潜力的重要性。我们还酌情认可土著人民对包容性经济增长的宝贵贡献。我们认识到赋予那些面临结构性障碍的人以实现其经济潜力的重要性。我们还酌情认可土著人民对包容性经济增长的宝贵贡献。我们认识到赋予那些面临结构性障碍的人以实现其经济潜力的重要性。我们还酌情认可土著人民对包容性经济增长的宝贵贡献。
9. 我们认识到结构性改革对于实现可持续和包容性增长的重要性。我们重申对强化亚太经合组织结构改革议程（EAASR）的承诺，并欢迎在制定“强化和强化亚太经合组织结构改革议程”（SEAASR）2026-2030方面取得的进展。为推进APEC经济改革议程，我们期待2025年在韩国举行第四次结构改革部长级会议。
10. 我们欢迎今年分享的倡议、讨论、良好做法和经验，作为“创新和数字化促进向正规经济和全球经济转型”优先事项的一部分，并认识到非正规经济行为者越来越多地参与正规经济和全球经济，可以改善我们经济体包容性和可持续经济增长的前景。我们还认识到将所有相关经济行为者纳入正规经济并使其参与区域和全球市场的重要性。在这方面，我们赞同《促进向正规经济和全球经济转型的利马路线图（2025-2040年）》，并期待其从2025年开始进一步实施。
11. 我们认识到，数字化转型和创新可以成为经济增长的关键驱动力，并为包容性做出积极贡献，因为它们有助于减少数字鸿沟，包括性别数字鸿沟，使中小微企业变得更具竞争力、专业化和创新性，以支持其融入全球。价值链，确保所有经济参与者都能获得经济利益。我们致力于推进亚太经合组织地区的数字化转型，包括实施亚太经合组织互联网和数字经济路线图（AIDER），认识到其在增强数字互联互通方面的关键作用。根据AIDER，我们将在促进数据流动方面进行合作，同时认识到隐私和个人数据保护的重要性，并加强消费者和企业对数字交易的信任。我们致力于支持一个有利、开放、公平、非歧视、更安全、更包容的数字生态系统。在这方面，我们欢迎支持数字基础设施、扫盲和技能发展的政策，使全体人民都能充分参与数字经济并从中受益。我们认识到人工智能 (AI) 在推动创新、促进可持续经济增长以及改变我们各经济体日常生活各个方面的潜力。我们期待继续开展2023年数字月和2024年数字周等举措，并认识到所做贡献的价值，包括为缩小APEC地区数字鸿沟所做的努力。在之前工作的基础上，我们致力于通过促进创新和创造力的政策和计划来促进知识产权。我们认识到数字技术的发展和贡献对于保障人民健康、保护该地区免受健康威胁、增强卫生系统的弹性和可持续性、从而实现全民健康覆盖的重要性。
12. 我们致力于增强服务业的竞争力。我们认识到亚太经合组织在促进环境相关服务贸易、加强绿色供应链合作、支持向循环经济转型方面所做工作的重要性。向更可持续的经济模式转型将促进亚太经合组织经济体的经济增长、创新和竞争力。在这方面，我们重申对《曼谷生物循环绿色经济目标》和推进APEC在亚太地区可持续发展目标的承诺。我们还重申，正如领导人去年所呼吁的那样，将包容性和可持续性纳入贸易和投资政策的重要性。
13. 我们欢迎各经济体为推进APEC地区互联互通所做的努力。我们将继续致力于落实《亚太经合组织互联互通蓝图（2015-2025）》，加强实体、机构、人文互联互通，利用数字互联互通。我们鼓励各经济体加大力度促进区域、次区域和边远地区互联互通。我们还重申高质量基础设施发展和投资的重要性。我们鼓励各经济体促进和推广更具包容性的APEC商务旅行卡的使用，并欢迎各经济体采用和接受虚拟ABTC。
14. 我们重申对亚太经合组织2030年粮食安全路线图的承诺，重点是通过促进开放、公平、透明、高效、可持续、有弹性、创新和包容性的农业粮食系统来实现整个亚太地区的粮食安全。我们认识到，没有“一刀切”的农业可持续发展方法。我们重申农业生产力、国际贸易以及预防和减少粮食损失和浪费对于实现粮食安全的重要性，并将加大力度确保粮食安全和营养。我们鼓励各经济体继续支持努力确保所有人都能获得安全、营养和充足的食物，同时履行我们应对环境挑战的承诺，包括气候变化、促进生物多样性保护以及自然资源的可持续利用和管理。在强调渔业在全球粮食安全中的作用的同时，我们还认识到打击非法、不报告和不管制（IUU）捕捞和海洋废弃物的重要性。
15. 我们认识到确保能源安全、复原力和可及性对于支持可持续经济增长和发展的重要性。我们认识到，各经济体需要付出更大努力，通过各种途径加速清洁、可持续、公正、负担得起和包容性的能源转型，与本世纪中叶或前后全球温室气体净零排放/碳中和相一致，同时采取考虑到最新的科学发展和不同的国内情况。我们重申，我们将努力通过现有目标和政策，将全球可再生能源产能提高两倍，并在其他零排放和低排放技术方面表现出类似的雄心，包括到 2030 年根据国内情况进行减排和清除技术。我们还期待能源部长们共同努力为电力行业制定一个新的集体理想目标，以增加无碳和碳中性能源发电的份额，同时提高能源效率作为第一燃料。
16. 我们认识到进一步整合行动应对气候变化、极端天气和自然灾害影响带来的深刻挑战的重要性，因为这对于建设亚太地区可持续的未来至关重要。我们认识到考虑能源转型技术和促进经济部门适当融资的重要性。为了支持我们地区实现这一目标的努力，我们回顾我们的承诺，即合理化和逐步取消鼓励浪费性消费的低效化石燃料补贴，同时认识到为有需要的人提供基本能源服务的重要性。
17. 认识到腐败对经济增长和发展的不利影响，我们致力于预防和打击腐败，不为腐败犯罪分子及其非法资产提供庇护。我们对今年这方面的工作表示欢迎。
18. 我们的利益相关者和商界带来了创造力、活力和活力，并且仍然是我们工作中的重要合作伙伴。我们期待进一步加强多方利益相关者的参与，包括与ABAC和太平洋经济合作理事会的参与，以及通过APEC首席执行官峰会和可持续未来论坛等活动。
19. 我们期待即将到来的大韩民国（2025 年）、中华人民共和国（2026 年）和越南（2027 年）主办 APEC，并承诺为这些经济体提供支持，帮助他们推动 APEC 的发展。至关重要的工作。我们也欢迎新加坡主办2030年APEC会议。我们感谢利马人民和利马市以及秘鲁对我们的热情接待。
